Motor.



Patented Feb. 6, |900. P. DANIEL & M. MEUNIER.

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(Application filed J une 6, 1599.)

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(no Model.)

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Patented Feb. 6, |900.

Y P. DANIEL & M. MEumEn.

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(No Model.)

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the shaft D'.

Err STATES PAUL DANIEL AND MAURICE MEUNIER, OF PARIS, FRANCE.

MOTOR.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 642,897, dated February 6, 1900.

Application led 'Tune 6, 1899. Serial No. 719,537. (No model.)

To @ZZ whom it may concern.-

Be it known that We, PAUL DANIEL and MAURICE MEUNIER, citizens of the Republic of France, and residents of Paris, France, have invented a new and useful Improvement in or Relating to Motors, which is fully set forth in the following specification.

The present invention relates to a motor or engine with variable expansion.

To render the following explanation as clear as possible, we have represented, by Way of example, a construction of motor according to this invention ,in the accompanying drawings.

Figure l is a longitudinal section, and Fig. 2 is a cross-section, through one of the motorcylinders.

The motor consists, essentially, of any number of motor-cylinders A. In the example shown there are four. These cylinders are arranged radially around a central shaft, and in each of them moves a piston B. Each piston is connected by a rod C to a fixed sleeve D, secured to the shaft D' and eccentric to These connecting-rods instead of being supported solely by the sleeve D are provided with shoulders, by means of which they partly fit one another. Fig. 2 clearly illustrates this arrangement. The connecting-rods C thus rest or press against the shoulders c of the adjacent connecting-rods. The shaft D is also fixed and supported at one end in the frame Dl and at the other end in the plate E, which is firmly connected to the face E forming part of the cylinder-wall to the left of the motor, Fig. 1. The shaft on which the connecting-rods C work being fixed, it is evident that under the action of the actuating fluid within the interior of the said cylinders the latter- Will acquire a continuous rotary movement around the fixed shaft D, and it is also evident that this movement is produced by the eccentricity of the sleeve D as regards the fixed shaft. The four cylinders are connected together into a rigid whole by means of ahoop or casing E', surrounding the ends of the cylinders and secured by fastening-screws F to shoulders c of the cylinders. An end F is screwed into each cylinder-head to close it, the cylinders at the other end being quite open. The actuating fiuid is introduced through the main inlet G, which communicates with a circular space g around the hollow shaft g. This hollow shaft is provided with openings g", communicating with the annular space g. The actuating fluid thus enters through these openings g" the hollow shaft g and thence enters the distribution-chambers by the tubes G1, communicating with the cylinders A. Segments G"assure the air-tightness of the joints between the hollow shaft g and the annular space g. Inasmuch as the shaft g is rigidly united to the plate E, which turns the cylinders, this shaft g itself turns in the bearings H, and it is therefore necessary to adjust the shaft in its bearings. For this purpose we have adopted conical wedges H,provided with a screw-thread at their outer ends h. Onto these screwed parts are fitted nuts h', which are maintained in therequired position by a locking-plate h, bolted to the bearing. The end of the hollow shaft is closed by a plug h", screwed and keyed into the shaft. This plug terminates in a cylindrical part H1, serving as the motor-shaft. The bearing II is bolted onto the frame. Each tube G communicates with the distributing-chamber of one of the cylinders.

It should be observed that in the following explanation we only give the description of the working of one distribution-chamber, as they are all similar to each other.

Each distribution-chamber is divided into two very distinct parts-the first part I, into which the charge enters directly from the tube G and where the degree of expansion is regulated, and the second part I', in which the distributing device itself moves. The chamber I is connected to the chamber I by two passages. One, represented by I1, leads the actuating-fluid under pressure from the chamber I to the chamber I. The other, I2, leads the exhaust from the chamber I to the interior of the slide-valve e' in the chamber I. This tube or passage I2 is provided with a branch I3 for the escape of the exhaust. The chamber I is closed on the outer side of the distribution device by a plate J, which is common to all the distribution chambers. On the fixed shaft D and outside this plate J is mounted an eccentric J', which can turn as regards the shaft D. The rotation of this eccentric J is effected in the following manner: The eccentric is solidly united with a ICO gear-wheelj, engaging with a pinion j', mounted on a shaft j", provided at its outer end with a handle or hand-wheel J1. When this wheel J1 is actuated by hand, the pinion j is turned, thus turning the wheelj, which turns the eccentric J with it. It will therefore be easily understood that by simply actuating the wheel .I1 the eccentric J is rotated. Upon this eccentric is mounted an eccentric-collar J2, having a connecting-rod J3, which serves, as will be explained, to move the slide-valve i in the distribution-chamber I. (Shown raised in Fig. l.) For the other slide-valve 'L' of the other distribution-chambers the connectingrods J3 instead of being rigidly fixed to the eccentric J2 are connected by pins or studs 7'1 to the eccentric-collar J2. Each rod J,3 is connected by means of a stud to another rod jg, which in consequence of the movement ot' the rod J3 moves radially in a groove provided for the purpose in the plate J. This red j, is provided at its inner end with a part ,jmwhich completely passes through the groove or openingj1, provided for the purpose in the plate J. In this part j, is screwed a rod K, carrying the slide-valve t'. The rod K passes through a suitable stufting-box K. It will be seen, therefore, hat by varying the position of the eccentric J on the shaft D' a radial displacement is produced in one direction or the other of the slide-valve z'. This radial displacement of the slide-valve z' will effect the opening more or less quickly or the closing more or less quickly of the admissionport K" of the chamber I. This, then, as it will easilybe understood, is the arrangement by which the expansion is regulated. Further, to render it possible for the operator to see the degree of expansion given te the engine the shaft j is provided at K with a screw-thread, on which a threaded nut or plate .751 moves when the shaft j, is rotated, which plate actuates a pointer k2, moving over an indicator k3. Inasmuch as the displacement of the nut or plate depends on the movement of the fly-wheel J1, one will easily understand that it is possible to graduate the indicator so that the indications given by the pointer exactly correspond to 'the degree of expansion obtained by the position of the slide valve t'. The zero position O corresponds, as will be seen, to the complete closing of the port K, and the position of the pointer at l0 will correspond to the extreme opening of said port. It will therefore be possible to vary the expansion from O to any desired degree.

It may be observed here that `the communication which exists in the interior of the slidevalve t with the exhaust serves no other purpose but to utilize the pressure of the admission liuid for applying the slide against the plate L. 4

Having thus described the different parts by means of which the expansion is obtained, the distributing device itself will new be described.

On the shaft D' is secured an eccentric-cam L', on which cam roll four rollers Z. There is one of these rollers for each distributionchamber. The roller Z is mounted on a part Z', the shoulders of which are pressed by suitable springs Z", having a tendency to draw the part back toward the center-t'. e.,toward the shaft D. This part Z is connected to a rod Z1, whichis provided with a piston Z2,which can be moved in the chamberl. lVithin the rod Z1 a second rod Z3 can slide with slightfriction, Which rod Z3 is provided at its outer end with a plate or valve Z1, which is pressed by a spring Z5, which tends to keep it on its seat. The communication between the motor-cylinder A and the chamber I is by way ot' the passage M. Let us suppose for an instant that in the way indicated above the degree of expansion has been adjusted to correspond to the movement which it is desired to obtain and let us examine the manner in which the Work is carried out by the parts constituting the distribution device. Under the action of the cam L' the roller Z is suddenly raised -at the moment required, and in this ascending movement the piston Z2 closes the exhaustport I2. On the other hand, in consequence of the cushion of air at M the rod Z3 is also raised as soon as the pressure of this cushion of air exceeds that on the valve Z1. At this moment the valve rises without any shock and the admission-fluid is free to travel from the conduit I1 into the conduit M and from there to the cylinder A. When the period of admission is ended, the length of which period is constant as regards the action of the cam, but variable by the slide-valve t, the roller suddenly descends, being also aided in this descending movement by the springs Z, mentioned above, and by the springZ, which acts on the valve Z1. The piston Z2, descending at the same time with the rod Z/, opens the exhaust, and the valve by settling itself on its seat closes the admission-port. The same phases arereproduced in consecutive periods as in other engines.

It should be understood that owing to the rod Z1 and the rod Z3 not being rigidly united at the moment of descent of the rod Z1 the valve Z4 will have closed the admission before the exhaust orifice is opened. This condition also results from the height of the piston Z2.

The whole device is inclosed in a casing I), perfectly tight, and connected with a condenser by means of a pipe P'.

The lubricating-oil is introduced to the interior through a pipe Q through the hollow shaft, from whence it finds its way to the va- IOC IIO

rions parts to be lubricated by passages q1 q2 1. In a motor, the combination ofa plurality of cylinders, a stationary shaft provided with an eccentric, and around which the cylinders are adapted to rotate, pistons working in said cylinders and operated from said eccentric, an admission-chamber for each cylinder, an exhaust-chamber for each cylinder, a slide-valve in the admission-chamber, means foradj usting the position of the slide-valve,an admission-valve for controlling the passage to each cylinder, and a piston influencing the said admission-valve, and provided with suitable operating means, substantially as set forth.

2. In a motor, the combination of a plurality of cylinders, pistons working therein, means, whereby said cylinders are enabled to rotate, admission and exhaust chambers, slide-valves in the admission-chambers, a plate rotating with said cylinders and provided with suitable radial ways,a series of rods extending inwardly from said slide-valves, a suitably-supported adjustable eccentric, a loose collar` on the eccentric, rods radiating from said collar, and rods guided in said ways and connecting the aforesaid rods on the valves and collar, substantially as set forth.

3. In a motor, the combination of a plurality of cylinders, pistons working therein,

means, whereby said cylinders are enabled to rotate, admission and exhaust chambers, slide-valves in the admission-chambers, an

adjustable eccentric, a plate in common with the admission-chambers and rotating with the said cylinders, said plate having radial ways, a series of radial connecting-rods, some of which are connected with said slide-valves, others being guided in said ways, and still others being in operative engagement with said eccentric, substantially as set forth.

4. In a motor, the combination of a plurality of cylinders, pistons working therein, 

